SPORTS ESSAY
Carbohydrates and Endurance Athletes
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written to a degree level
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3005 words and 10 pages in length
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fully harvard referenced
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available in pdf and word versions
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cut, paste, edit to suit your requirements
Sample:
Carbohydrates and lipids are the main energy sources for endurance exercise. The contribution of proteins, while more than minimal, do not exceed 10%. The choice of substrate used during exercise is a metabolic compromise. Carbohydrates are an attractive fuel for muscular work. ATP mole output from carbohydrates per litre of oxygen consumed is higher than for lipids. However, liver and muscle carbohydrate stores are limited and can run out within a relatively short time, whereas lipid stores are far larger. Therefore, substrate utilization is a balance between biochemical output and fuel availability.
Endurance training results in a biochemical-physiological adaptation favoring the utilization of the most abundant substrate — lipids. Adaptive mechanisms include higher capillary flow which allows higher oxygen supply to muscles and thus more effective lipid oxidation and augmentation of mitochondria and enzyme activities aimed to lipid oxidation). In exercises of the same intensity, the subjects trained to activities where the aerobic component of metabolism is important can utilize more lipids tan untrained subjects...
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